## linux
- 官网：
- 文档：
- 源码：
- 开源：
- 代理：
## 内核源码
lib
arch
init
kernel
include
drivers
ipc
net
mm
fs
firmware
security
crypto
sound
block
virt
tools
scripts
samples
Makefile
Kconfig
Kbuild
usr
README
COPYING
CREDITS
Documentation
MAINTAINERS
REPORTING-BUGS
## 系统启动
```
startup_32() // linux-2.6.12/arch/i386/kernel/head.S:57
start_kernel() // linux-2.6.12/init/main.c:424
sched_init()
trap_init() // arch/i386/kernel/traps.c
init_IRQ()
init_timers()
softirq_init()
time_init() // arch/i386/kernel/time.c
time_init_hook()
setup_irq(0, timer_interrupt)
```
## 进程调度
```
schedule()
```
## 系统中断
```
interrupt() // arch/i386/kernel/entry.S:397
do_IRQ() // arch/i386/kernel/irq.c:51
__do_IRQ() // kernel/irq/handle.c:107
handle_IRQ_event()
do_softirq() // arch/i386/kernel/softirq.c:158
__do_softirq() // kernel/softirq.c:74
tasklet_schedule() // include/linux/interrupt.h
__tasklet_schedule() // kernel/softirq.c:223
run_workqueue() // kernel/workqueue.c:145
```
## 并发同步
```
atomic_add() // include/asm-i386/atomic.h
spin_lock_irq() // include/linux/spinlock.h
down_interruptible() // include/asm-i386/semaphore.h
wait_for_completion() // kernel/sched.c
```
## 时间管理
```
timer_interrupt() // arch/i386/kernel/time.c:292
do_timer_interrupt() // arch/i386/kernel/time.c:250
do_timer_interrupt_hook()
do_timer() // kernel/timer.c:925
```
## 系统调用
```
system_call() // arch/i386/kernel/entry.S:225
sys_call_table[] // arch/i386/kernel/syscall_table.S
.long sys_restart_syscall /* 0 - old "setup()" system call, used for restarting */
.long sys_exit() // kernel/exit.c:859
do_exit()
exit_mm()
exit_sem()
__exit_files()
__exit_fs()
exit_namespace()
exit_thread()
cpuset_exit()
exit_keys()
exit_notify()
schedule()
.long sys_fork // arch/i386/kernel/process.c:645
do_fork() // kernel/fork.c:1192
copy_process()
dup_task_struct()
copy_files()
copy_fs()
copy_sighand()
copy_signal()
copy_mm()
sched_fork()
wake_up_new_task()
.long sys_read
.long sys_write
.long sys_open /* 5 */
get_unused_fd()
filp_open()
open_namei()
path_lookup()
dentry_open()
fd_install()
.long sys_close
.long sys_waitpid
.long sys_creat
.long sys_link
.long sys_unlink /* 10 */
.long sys_execve
.long sys_chdir
.long sys_time
...
```
## 进程管理
```
struct task_struct {
// 进程状态
state long / TASK_RUNNING // include/linux/sched.h:108
// 线程信息
thread_info *struct thread_info
task *struct task_struct
status
// 进程树
parent *struct task_struct
children struct list_head
sibling struct list_head
mm *struct mm_struct
binfmt *struct linux_binfmt
thread struct thread_struct
esp0
eip
esp
fs
gs
fs *struct fs_struct
files *struct files_struct
signal *struct signal_struct
pid pid_t
tgit pid_t
}
```
## Compile
```
linux-3.7.4/Makefile
include $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile # linux-3.7.4/Makefile:495
```
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
make defconfig
make menuconfig
make
make tags
## GCC
gcc -E hi.c -o hi.i
gcc -S hi.c
gcc -c hi.c
ar -r hi.a hi.o he.o
gcc -shared -fPIC -o hi.so hi.c he.c
gcc -L./ -lhi main.c
nm
readelf -S hi.o
objdump -d hi.o
hexdump -C hi.o
## GRUB
- 下载：
BIOS MBR GRUB
## 内核启动
```
startup_32() // arch/x86/kernel/head_32.S:88
i386_start_kernel() // arch/x86/kernel/head32.c:31
start_kernel() // init/main.c:468
mm_init()
sched_init()
console_init()
signals_init()
rest_init()
kernel_thread(kernel_init)
do_fork() // kernel/fork.c:1548
copy_process()
wake_up_new_task() // kernel/sched/core.c:1622
activate_task()
enqueue_task(rq, p)
kernel_init() // init/main.c:805
run_init_process()
kernel_execve() // fs/exec.c:1710
do_execve()
do_execve_common()
open_exec()
sched_exec() // kernel/sched/core.c:2538
select_task_rq()
bprm_mm_init()
prepare_binprm()
search_binary_handler()
formats[i]->load_binary()
fair_sched_class() // kernel/sched/fair.c:5308
select_task_rq_fair()
pick_next_task_fair()
pick_next_entity()
__pick_first_entity()
rb_entry()
formats[i]->load_binary()
load_elf_binary() // fs/binfmt_elf.c:561
current->mm->start_stack
set_brk(elf_bss, elf_brk)
start_thread() // arch/x86/kernel/process_32.c:200
formats[i]->load_binary()
load_script()
bprm_change_interp()
open_exec()
prepare_binprm()
search_binary_handler()
struct task_struct { // linux-3.7.4/include/linux/sched.h:1190
mm *struct mm_struct
start_code
end_code
start_data
end_data
start_brk
brk
mmap_base
start_stack
arg_start
arg_end
env_start
env_end
thread struct thread_struct
sp0
sp
es
ds
fsindex
gsindex
ip
fs
gs
fs *struct fs_struct
files *struct files_struct
pid pid_t
tgid pit_t
}
```